Learn Sound Engineering Mix the Vocal

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Mix the Vocal

Walk through Chris Lord-Alge's seven-step vocal chain knob by knob — on a real vocal. Drop in any vocal stem you've recorded (WAV/MP3, 5–30 sec is ideal) and hear each stage process the audio live. Toggle any stage off to hear what it's doing.

Off = raw
GR · dB
0.0
01 · CLEAR

High-Pass Filter

Strip rumble below where the voice lives.

No voice (except a low bass) needs anything under 80 Hz. The HPF removes plosive thuds, mic-stand rumble, AC hum.

Settings
HPF @ 80 Hz, 12 dB/oct slope
02 · SUBTRACT

Subtractive EQ

Cut the mud before you add presence.

A gentle dip around 250-400 Hz removes the "boxy" build-up most mics give voices. This is what makes additive EQ later feel clean instead of harsh.

Settings
-3 dB @ 300 Hz, Q = 1.2
03 · TAME

De-Esser

Tame sibilance before compression hypes it.

Without de-essing, the two compressors below will lock onto the 6-8 kHz sibilance and pump everything else around it. De-ess first, compress after.

Settings
-4 dB @ 7 kHz, Q = 2.5
04 · LEVEL

Compressor 1 — Slow

Opto-style. Catches level changes, keeps texture.

CLA's first comp is a leveler — slow attack, slow release, gentle ratio. Smooths the overall ride without squashing transients. Think LA-2A.

Settings
Threshold -18 dB · Ratio 3:1
Attack 30 ms · Release 250 ms
05 · CONTROL

Compressor 2 — Fast

Peak control. Catches what comp 1 lets through.

Stage 2 is the fast guy — catches transients comp 1 missed. Think 1176. Together they form a "serial compression" chain doing 5-7 dB of total reduction.

Settings
Threshold -10 dB · Ratio 4:1
Attack 3 ms · Release 80 ms
06 · SHAPE

Additive EQ

Now boost presence and air, after dynamics.

Compression first, EQ second — that way the boost is hitting a controlled signal. +2 dB at 4 kHz brings consonants forward; +2 dB shelf at 12 kHz adds air.

Settings
+2 dB @ 4 kHz, Q = 1.0
+2 dB shelf @ 12 kHz
07 · GLUE

Saturation

Harmonic glue. Forward without being louder.

A touch of tape-style saturation thickens the mids and adds even harmonics — the vocal sits forward without needing more level. Subtle is the move.

Settings
Drive: 15% · Mix: 50%
(soft-knee, tube-style)
08 · SPACE

Reverb + Delay

Room around the voice, never on the voice.

Short plate reverb + 1/4-note delay creates space without smearing the dry vocal. CLA sends a tiny amount — the vocal is in front, the space is behind.

Settings
Plate verb: 1.2s, -20 dB send
Delay: 1/4 note, -22 dB send
The canon behind these settings: Chris Lord-Alge's two-stage vocal chain is documented across mixwiththemasters.com, his Waves CLA plugin presets, and Bobby Owsinski's The Mixing Engineer's Handbook. The settings here are educational defaults — your vocal will want its own numbers. Use the bypass toggles to hear what each stage is actually doing.

Bring your own vocal: drop a WAV or MP3 into the loader above. A 5–30 second isolated vocal stem works best — the dryer the better (no reverb, no autotune, no comp). If you don't have one to hand, record yourself singing or speaking through any phone or interface for 20 seconds and load that. The chain is calibrated for a typical pop/worship lead vocal.